{"id":28457,"date":"2017-05-25T13:53:37","date_gmt":"2017-05-25T10:53:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/toravoda.org.il\/?p=28457"},"modified":"2018-07-17T13:55:12","modified_gmt":"2018-07-17T10:55:12","slug":"68-israelis-support-civil-marriage-poll-finds-2-2-2-2-2-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/toravoda.org.il\/en\/68-israelis-support-civil-marriage-poll-finds-2-2-2-2-2-2\/","title":{"rendered":"THE (NOT SO) SECRET CULTURE WAR BETWEEN ZIONIST-RELIGIOUS EXTREMIST, CENTRISTS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Published in JP by NATAN ODENHEIMER MAY 25, 2017 10:07 in\u00a0Click here for the article<\/a><\/p>\n

Until a decade ago, leaders of the hardal \u2013 an acronym for haredi dati leumi, or haredi national-religious \u2013 community, representing some 15% of the Religious Zionist public, did not take serious steps toward realizing their political vision for the country, but many seem to think that they are stepping up their game.<\/p>\n

Yoav Sorek, a former editor at the Makor Rishon daily, points his finger toward Rabbi Zvi Israel Tau, the spiritual shepherd of the hardal sector, who was often quoted making harsh statements against the way the state is run. He described Israeli reality as a \u201ccultural war\u201d and said his public is under \u201cexistential threats\u201d by the secular world.<\/p>\n

Sorek is the chief editor of Hashiloah, a new conservative religiously oriented Hebrew journal supported by the Tikvah Fund. Two years ago, he published a carefully crafted article in Makor Rishon titled \u201cWill Tau\u2019s gravitation toward ultra- Orthodoxy fragment the national Zionist Movement?\u201d Today, this question is still unanswered, yet even more relevant.<\/p>\n

Recently, Sorek told\u00a0The Jerusalem Post\u00a0that, \u201cduring the mid-1990s Tau started to read Israeli reality differently. He sees what happens in Israel as a cultural war against Jews who adopted a Christian- like agenda that is even antisemitic in its essence \u2013 an antithesis to Judaism.<\/p>\n

As opposed to the teachings of his rabbi [Zvi Yehuda Kook], who saw secular Zionists as unaware participants in advancing the religious cause of Jewish redemption, Tau considers the secular world a threat by Jews who are allegedly trying to alienate fellow Jews from the Torah. His narrative about the secular world is a demonic and extremist narrative.<\/p>\n

Rabbi Zvi Israel Tau. Credit: Michael Jacobson\/Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n

Rabbi Zvi Tau was born 80 years ago in Vienna. His father was a shrewd businessman who took careful notice of which way the wind would blow. As Nazi Germany occupied and annexed Austria, the Tau family fled to the Netherlands, where they were able to survive the Holocaust thanks to the bravery and resourcefulness of both parents. Young Tau enrolled at a public school, where he was a bright student with a passion for the humanities. Word of mouth says that he still considers Beethoven\u2019s music \u201cthe closest thing to angels singing\u201d and that philosopher Immanuel Kant is worth reading only in the original German.<\/p>\n

To this day he invokes the Greek philosophers in his writing.<\/p>\n

However, he also became more interested in something else. At the age of 17, not too long after his mother died \u2013 and very much to his father\u2019s dismay \u2013 young Tau moved to Israel to study Torah. He began his studies at Rabbi Yehuda Amital\u2019s yeshiva in Rehovot, but soon made his way to Jerusalem\u2019s Merkaz Harav, presided over by Rabbi Zvi Yehuda Kook. Quickly but consistently, after long hours at the beit midrash (study hall), with his sharp mind and great respect for authority, Tau became Kook\u2019s devoted student.<\/p>\n

Tau gained traction at the yeshiva.<\/p>\n

He was both popular and well versed in Kook\u2019s Hagot, his spiritual and conceptual teachings. Many believed that Tau would inherit the yeshiva after Kook\u2019s death. As often happens, there were also some who thought differently. Rabbi Avraham Shapira, who is a member of the Kook family, did not appoint Tau as his partner in running the yeshiva and for 10 years Tau \u201cbore the humiliation,\u201d as journalist Yair Sheleg put it, \u201cof serving under Shapira.\u201d<\/p>\n

By 1997, Tau had had enough, and left the institution to build his own. What led to the ground-shaking divorce was a dispute over certifying yeshiva students as state-approved teachers. Tau believed the yeshiva was consenting to disagreeable additions to the curriculum, to meet the demands of the state. This course was also a way for the yeshiva to get more funding from the state.<\/p>\n

He and a number of his followers left Merkaz Harav and established Jerusalem\u2019s Har Hamor Yeshiva, today considered to be one of the most rigorous and demanding yeshivot on the Religious Zionist spectrum. It is also considered very authoritative, in that it doesn\u2019t encourage pluralism of ideas and many students, even intensely studious ones, drop out because of how demanding it is.<\/p>\n

Har Hamor was just the beginning.<\/p>\n

Over the past 20 years, Tau has built what some call a small \u201cempire.\u201d Other than Har Hamor, there are few other institutions where Tau\u2019s leadership is taken very seriously, such as Yeshivat Midbara K\u2019Eden in Mitzpe Ramon or the pre-military academy Bnei David at the Eli settlement, nicknamed \u201cthe military wing of Har Hamor.\u201d<\/p>\n

It is thus nicknamed because it is not as rigorous as other yeshivot and is directed toward making the young men into good soldiers and, indeed, it is regarded as very successful in this regard.<\/p>\n

These institutions are not officially part of his so-called \u201cempire,\u201d but are perceived as carrying his ideological line.<\/p>\n

A female air force pilot at the Hatzor base in 2006. Credit: Reuters<\/p>\n

TAU RARELY directly intervenes in politics, but indirectly is a different story.<\/p>\n

He makes sure that his opinion is heard on specific politicians and topics. According to sources who prefer to remain anonymous due to the sensitivity of the issues, Tau holds weekly meetings with his closest followers where he lays out his agenda.<\/p>\n

In a lesson he taught in 2013, he harshly criticized the head of the Bayit Yehudi Party and Education Minister Naftali Bennett, saying he \u201cdoesn\u2019t have the smell of Torah. You can easily tell that he didn\u2019t pass through the gates of Torah. This is the man who would guard the Torah?\u201d Tau also made a point of clarifying his position on Jerusalem\u2019s annual gay parade, explaining in a pamphlet circulated online and in synagogues, why and how homosexuality is an \u201cabomination.\u201d<\/p>\n

During the past three years, a movement arose among yeshiva graduates that, according to many people, acts under his leadership. These graduates have created a number of organizations that not only focus on self-education in their own communities, but also aim to \u201ceducate\u201d a greater share of the public.<\/p>\n

Among these organizations, LIBA stands out.<\/p>\n

LIBA\u2019s official purpose is to \u201caugment the holiness of the state so that the Torah and the mitzvot will lead the path.\u201d<\/p>\n

It is run by Rabbi Yaakov Dvir of Yeshivat Midbara K\u2019Eden, which publishes articles on topics such as Reform Jews\u2019 religious rights, military service by religious women, and the status of the state\u2019s rabbinical courts.<\/p>\n

LIBA activists have told\u00a0The Jerusalem Post Magazine\u00a0that many of those who participate in the organizations and campaigns see themselves as followers of Rabbi Tau. Bar-Ilan University political science professor Asher Cohen told the Post that \u201cthese activists are not only working together, but they are all the same people.\u201d<\/p>\n

By \u201csame people\u201d he alludes to those who are behind LIBA\u2019s sister organizations, Hotam (Teach First Israel or TFI), launched in 2010, and Tzav Ehad \u2013 that monitors violations of Jewish religious rights in the army, and runs a hotline for soldiers\u2019 complains \u2013 and the Brothers in Arms campaign \u2013 a handsomely funded short-lived campaign that called for limiting female soldiers\u2019 service options in the army. Hotam made headlines this year after it uploaded an animated video allegedly showing the hardships of being a religious woman in the army that was clearly aimed at discouraging women from serving in the military. The simplistic rhetoric, demonization of soldiers and chauvinistic stereotypes in the clip kindled public outrage and the video went viral, with Hotam becoming recognized by the public.<\/p>\n

The sudden appearance of these organizations during the past two or three years and their strategic choices to impact the general pubic discourse perhaps have something to do with the change in Tau\u2019s reading of Israeli reality that Sorek discussed two years ago. Sorek also told the Post, \u201cThe paramount difference between ultra-Orthodoxy and the Religious Zionist camp is about operation with the secular public\u2026 \u201cIn this sense, Tau\u2019s positions are ultra- Orthodox. This is not the openness of the Religious Zionist camp\u2026 Since he has an uncompromising ideology, he doesn\u2019t converse with people. He doesn\u2019t have people who think like him and debate him. There are people who follow him and articulate what he says to larger audiences, and there are those who appreciate his learned spiritual power and see it as their duty to implement Tau\u2019s visions.\u201d<\/p>\n

Asked the same question he raised two years ago, Sorek said that, \u201cThe Religious Zionist camp is still driving toward a crisis. Nothing too dramatic has happened yet. The mainstream Religious Zionist leaders haven\u2019t yet spoken out against the hardalim. There is a desire to hold things together, at least from the point of view of the mainstream leaders. On one hand, it looks like we are heading toward an unavoidable, deep division; on the other hand, this very much depends on Rabbi Tau.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tau himself doesn\u2019t speak with the press. One of his closest followers, Rabbi M., told the Post that he cannot be interviewed or answer any question, since this is against Tau\u2019s orders and that no one from Tau\u2019s inner circles would talk to the press. He also insists that \u201cit\u2019s impossible to understand anything about Tau\u2019s aims,\u201d since he exists on a \u201chigher sphere of being,\u201d a different reality of sorts, incomprehensible to anyone without \u201cat least 10 years of study.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nonetheless, Tau and his followers are trying to affect the everyday lives of Israelis who didn\u2019t choose to study with him. In a recent pamphlet funded by real-estate mogul Yisrael Zaira and distributed in synagogues, Tau articulated his position on various toxic topics and explained the steps needed so that the Jewish people realizes its anticipated redemption.<\/p>\n

Female soldiers from the Hara\u2019am artillery battalion in the Golan Heights earlier this year. Credit: Reuters<\/p>\n

In this sense, his Jewish political thought is far from ultra-Orthodoxy, which by and large believes that Jews shouldn\u2019t rush the coming of redemption, but only wait for it patiently. In the pamphlet, Tau states that the Zionist secular ideologists and leaders such as Ahad Ha\u2019am and David Ben-Gurion were infidels, that today a small group of lefty fanatics is trying to sabotage the process toward redemption, that the IDF is \u201cin bad hands\u201d and that it is time to respond to trends that are corrupting society. Curiously, despite his purist opposition to Western culture, Tau draws comparisons between Israel and ancient Athens and quotes from Plato\u2019s Republic.<\/p>\n

According to the political theology of Religious Zionism, the creation of the State of Israel was the first step toward redemption, even though it was made possible by secular Zionists. Rabbi Kook and his son, Zvi Yehuda, believed that it is crucial to join forces with the secular Zionists in order to ensure the Jewish state\u2019s success. Rabbi Eli Sadan, co-head of the yeshiva at Eli, recently authored a manifesto of sorts titled \u201cA call for direction for Religious Zionists,\u201d in which he acknowledges the ineptness of religious political movements in creating a state in years past and the triumph of secular Zionism.<\/p>\n

He concludes that it is time for Religious Zionism to take charge of the country through key positions in the military, state institutions, the judiciary and education.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe should do today what we didn\u2019t do a hundred years ago,\u201d he writes.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is the real solution for the problems of the hour.\u201d<\/p>\n

One of the chief \u201cproblems\u201d according to Tau\u2019s adherents is homosexuality.<\/p>\n

In his manifesto, Tau condemns last year\u2019s gay parade in Jerusalem, which brought together a record number of participants and was overwhelmed by kippa-wearing men and head-covered women.<\/p>\n

A running joke during the parade was that it had been turned into a religious party. What perhaps drove so many religious men and women to protest LGBTQ rights in Jerusalem were previous events promoting the parade and gay rights.<\/p>\n

Two years ago, a religious extremist stabbed to death 16-year-old Shira Banki during the parade, justifying his deed by his understanding of ultra-Orthodoxy.<\/p>\n

A few month before last year\u2019s parade, Sadan\u2019s partner in heading the pre-military academy at Eli, Rabbi Yigal Levinstein, was filmed expressing a heavily unfavorable attitude toward gays in a talk later nicknamed by Israeli media as \u201cthe perverts speech,\u201d since he defined homosexuality as a perversion.<\/p>\n

\u201cFor some of the religious participants, myself included,\u201d activist Tehila Friedman told the Post, \u201cjoining the parade wasn\u2019t about supporting LGBTQ rights. The event took place a week after an important public figure [Levinstein] held a hateful speech against homosexuals, calling them perverts. I came to the parade to protest against spreading hate in the name of God. \u201cI consider such speech blasphemy.\u201d<\/p>\n

Friedman is a local leader and former director of Ne\u2019emanei Torah Va\u2019avodah, a National Religious movement that hopes to \u201cforge a sector of Judaism that successfully integrates a halachic lifestyle with active engagement in Israeli society.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cHateful rhetoric such as Levinstein\u2019s drives me nuts,\u201d Friedman declares.<\/p>\n

\u201cI\u2019m not even that liberal, but this culture of hate is dividing and fragmenting society. It drives us to oblivion. I\u2019m a Jewish woman who is constantly afraid of an approaching disaster. It\u2019s miraculous that we have a state, and that some rabbis are running amok, picking on particular groups like bullies, as they do with women or lefties, and blame them for all that is wrong in the world. This is the kind of zealotry that caused the disaster of the Second Temple.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sexuality and gender are two issues that hardal rabbis are provocative about.<\/p>\n

In less than a year, Levinstein, who was mostly unknown outside Eli, became a name familiar across the country.<\/p>\n

His \u201cperverts speech\u201d \u2013 and a video in which he said female soldiers are unattractive and unmarriageable \u2013 occupied Israeli news media for weeks.<\/p>\n

Time and again in a LIBA pamphlet, rabbis Tau and Sadan described the joint service of men and women as a devastating threat to society. Sadan wrote that it would place soldiers in situations where they wouldn\u2019t be able to control their urges.<\/p>\n

Asked why hardal rabbis are obsessed with issues of gender and sexuality, Friedman explained that political theology is able to defeat other ideologies of the past century, except for the vigorous, intellectual feminist movement.<\/p>\n

\u201cFeminism is growing strong roots across various publics, and they see it as a threat to religion.<\/p>\n

Friedman also pointed out that the hardal leadership is overwhelmingly Ashkenazi.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn fact,\u201d she said, \u201cwe have two Ashkenazi elites \u2013 [hardal] rabbis and the secular world \u2013 that are obsessed with one another and talk above the heads of the rest of society. Most Israelis don\u2019t care as much about settlements and homosexuality. They have other things to worry about. This attitude blindly sidelines most people.\u201d<\/p>\n

Leading Religious Zionist journalist Yair Sheleg agrees that the leadership is distinctly Ashkenazi, but points out that some are Mizrahi and that there are also warming ties between them. Tau, who almost never takes part in political events, made an appearance last year at the Yahad Party\u2019s pre-election conference.<\/p>\n

The party was established by former Shas leader Eli Yishai and includes both Ashkenazi and Mizrahi hardal rabbis, such as Meir Mazoz.<\/p>\n

Funding for hardal yeshivot and organizations such as LIBA or Hotam comes from various sources. State funds make their way to several yeshivas and organizations through different budgets of the ministries of Religious Affairs and Agriculture. Private donors also contribute to these campaigns, but it is difficult to map the flow of money with some of the newer organizations, since NGOs are obliged to report their incoming funds only after two years. Asked about resources, key activists of LIBA and Brothers in Arms maintained that most donations are of small amounts and made by private individuals.<\/p>\n

The paradox is that on one hand these rabbis are battling Israeli conventions while at the same time they live off state salaries. For instance, Rabbi Tzvi Kustiner, a student of Tau\u2019s who heads Yeshivat Midbara K\u2019Eden, also teaches in the official military course for IDF rabbis. A Ynet article from this January reported that he preaches against military service by women, that it is okay to shoot uninvolved citizens in a time of war (which is against open-fire regulations), and that non- Jews should be kicked out of the army.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s difficult to determine the magnitude and impact of these changes.<\/p>\n

Some see this newly forged alliance as an unprecedented threat to the pluralism of Religious Zionist society. Hanan Mendel, the director of Ne\u2019emanei Torah Va\u2019avodah, told the Post that never before had ultra-Orthodox and hardal rabbis seen things eye-to-eye like this.<\/p>\n

Sorek, however, maintains that, \u201cwhile the hardal is a loud voice heard among Religious Zionists, and that many educational institutes and teachers share their ideology, it\u2019s important not to exaggerate. It still doesn\u2019t mean more people are turning to them.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Until a decade ago, leaders of the hardal \u2013 an acronym for haredi dati leumi, or haredi national-religious \u2013 community, representing some 15% of the Religious Zionist public, did not take serious steps toward realizing their political vision for the country, but many seem to think that they are stepping up their game<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2659,2663],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-we-in-the-media","category-religion-and-state"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTHE (NOT SO) SECRET CULTURE WAR BETWEEN ZIONIST-RELIGIOUS EXTREMIST, CENTRISTS - \u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/toravoda.org.il\/en\/68-israelis-support-civil-marriage-poll-finds-2-2-2-2-2-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"THE (NOT SO) SECRET CULTURE WAR BETWEEN ZIONIST-RELIGIOUS EXTREMIST, CENTRISTS - 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